The PCOS Treatment Pakistan is used to cure mild obesity, irregular or absent menstruation, and symptoms caused by high levels of male hormones (androgens), disruption of the menstrual cycle, and a tendency to increase male hormones (androgens).

• Usually, women usually exhibit obesity and develop acne and masculine characteristics: deep voice, breast reduction, and excess body hair.

• Doctors often base the diagnosis on symptoms but also on blood tests to measure hormone levels and ultrasound.

• Physical activity, weight loss, and estrogen plus progestin, progesterone, or progestin alone can help reduce symptoms (including excess hair) and restore normal hormone levels.

• If women want to become pregnant, losing weight and taking clomiphene, sometimes with metformin, can stimulate ovulation.

PCOS

In many women with PCOS, cells resist the effects of insulin (a condition called insulin resistance or sometimes prediabetes). Insulin helps sugar (glucose) get into cells so they can use it for energy. When cells resist its effects, sugar builds up in the blood, and the pancreas makes more insulin to lower blood sugar levels. If insulin resistance is moderate or severe, diabetes is diagnosed.

If women with polycystic ovary syndrome become pregnant, they have a higher risk of complications during pregnancy. These complications include gestational diabetes (diabetes that develops during pregnancy) and preterm birth.

Cause of PCOS

The cause of this syndrome is not clear. Some evidence indicates a dysfunction of the enzyme that controls the production of male hormones, increasing these hormones (androgens)

And the risk of metabolic syndrome (high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and resistance to the effects of insulin). If male hormone levels remain high, the risk of diabetes, heart, and vascular disorders (including atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease), and high blood pressure also increases. Additionally, some male hormones can be converted into estrogen, increasing their levels. 

Not enough progesterone is produced to balance estrogen levels. If this condition continues over time, the lining of the uterus (endometrium) can become highly thick (endometrial hyperplasia). It can also increase the risk of cancer of the lining of the uterus (endometrial cancer).

Symptoms of PCOS

Symptoms of PCOS typically develop during puberty, get worse over time, and vary from woman to woman.

Usually, menstruation does not start at puberty, and the ovaries either do not release an egg (i.e., women do not ovulate) or release it irregularly. Your periods are irregular or absent.

Additionally, symptoms related to excess male hormones develop a process called masculinization or virilization. Symptoms include acne, lowering of the voice, reduction in breast size, and increased muscle mass and hair (hirsutism), which grows as in men (for example, on the chest and face) and become sparser on the temples.

Most women with PCOS are mildly obese, but some are thin. Excessive insulin production contributes to weight gain and makes weight loss more difficult. Excess insulin due to insulin resistance can also make the skin in the armpits, neck, and skin folds dark and thick.

PCOS diagnosis

• Medical evaluation

• Hormonal dosage

• Ultrasound

Often the diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome is based on symptoms.

A pregnancy test is usually done. Blood tests also measure hormone levels, such as follicle-stimulating and male hormones.

Ultrasound can help determine if there are many cysts in the ovaries and detect whether there is a tumor of the ovary or adrenal glands. These tumors can overproduce male hormones and therefore cause the same symptoms as polycystic ovary syndrome. A transvaginal ultrasound may be done to check for abnormalities in the ovaries. Transvaginal ultrasound involves using an ultrasound device inserted through the vagina to look inside the uterus.

In women with this syndrome, PCOS Specialist in Lahore measure blood pressure and usually blood levels of glucose (sugars) and lipids (fats), such as cholesterol, to detect metabolic syndrome, which increases the risk of coronary artery disease.

Imaging tests may also be done to check for coronary artery disease. These tests include coronary angiography (x-rays of the arteries after an artery has been injected with a radiopaque contrast agent, which can be seen on the X-ray) and computed tomography (CT) angiography; two- and three-dimensional images of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium into a vein).

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